Value of Pi in rig veda

Courtesy: तीखी बात

PI VALUE FROM RIGVEDA

Men of older generation used to say that all knowledge is there in the Vedas. Anyone who hears such words will have the first reaction that it is an over confident statement. We should remember here that any sloka in the ancient Hindu manuscripts has more than one meaning.

A Sloka in the 10th book of Rig Veda appears to be written for praising Lord Indra
The technical translation of that Sloka gives the value of pi up to 28 digits accurately. It is not until the invention of the computers that the western mathematicians could get this value up to 16 digits accurately. Here is a test for those who think that a computer can do any calculation. Use the fastest computer available to you and write a program to calculate the value of pi up to 28 digits accurately. You will know how difficult it is.

Vedic Numerical Code
In Sanskrit, the following Vedic Numerical code was used in manyslokas

"Kaadi nava
Taadi nava
Paadi panchaka
Yadyashtaka
Kshah sunyam"

कादि नव
टादि नव
पादि पञ्चक
यद्यश्टक
क्ष शुन्यम्

Means...
Kaadi Nava Starting from ka, the sequence of 9 letters represent 1,2,..9
Similarly Taadi Nava , starting fromta
Paadi panchaka (1-5), starting from pa
Yadyashtaka (1-8) starting from ya
And ksha represents 0

In detail
ka(क)-1, kha(ख)-2, ga(ग)-3, gha(घ)-4,gna(ङ)-5, cha(च)-6, cha(छ)-7, ja(ज)-8,jha(झ)-9
ta(ट)-1, tha(ठ)-2, da(ड)-3, dha(ढ)-4,~na(ण)-5, Ta(त)-6, Tha(थ)-7, Da(द)-8,Dha(ध)-9
pa(प)-1, pha(फ)-2, ba(ब)-3, bha(भ)-4,ma(म)-5
ya(य)-1, ra(र)-2, la(ल)-3, va(व)-4, Sa(श)-5, sha(ष)-6, sa (स)-7, ha(ह)-8
kshah (क्ष)-0.

Based on this code there are many slokas in mathematics
e.g., For PI value, a sloka is as folows..

गोपीभाग्य मधुव्रातः श्रुंगशोदधि संधिगः |
खलजीवितखाताव गलहाला रसंधरः ||

gopeebhaagya maDhuvraathaH shruMgashodhaDhi saMDhigaH
khalajeevithakhaathaava galahaalaa rasaMDharaH

ga-3, pa-1, bha-4, ya -1, ma-5, Dhu-9, ra-2, tha-6, shru-5, ga-3, sho-5, dha-8, Dhi -9, sa-7, Dha- 9, ga-3, kha-2, la-3, jee-8, vi-4, tha-6, kha-2, tha-6, va-4, ga-3, la-3, ha-8, la-3, ra-2, sa-7, Dha-9, ra-2

3.1415926535897932384626433832792...

The above sloka has actually 3 meanings
1. In favor of Lord Shiva
2. In favor of Lord Krishna
3. The value of PI upto 32 decimals.

Series of PI
There is also a sloka for expanding the series of PI. It's given below.

व्यासे वारिधिनिहते रूपहृते व्यससागराभिहते ।

त्रिशरादिविषमसंख्याभक्तं ॠणं स्वं पृथक्क्रमात् कुर्यात् ॥

vyAse vaariDhinihathe rUpahtRthevyasasAgarAbhihathe
thrisharAdhiviShamasMkhyAbhakthM TRNM svM ptRThakkramAth kuryaath

Meaning :
When the circumference/perimeter of the circle is given in terms of a series (containing d=diameter) then the diameter term is divided by the odd numbers (like 1, 2, 3...) and alternately added/subtracted fromthe rest (of the summation of series)

i.e:
Circumference = 4d/1 - 4d/3 4d/5 – 4d/7 ...which is basically the same series as PI/4 = SUMOF [(-1 i 1)/(2i-1)] /* over i from 1 to infinity */

There were many inventions in the field of science and technology in ancient India. Since many persons of the present generation does not know them, they will be described briefly to enable the readers to have the basic understanding about them.